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ResMed CPAP Error 21: High Leak Detected on AirSense 10

Quick Answer

ResMed's Error 21 is a therapy-specific code tied directly to the AirSense 10's leak detection algorithm, which continuously measures the difference between motor output and the expected mask vent flow rate. The AirSense 10 AutoSet models attempt to compensate for leaks automatically before logging an error, so Error 21 only appears when the leak is both large and sustained beyond the auto-compensation window.

ResMed's Error 21 is a therapy-specific code tied directly to the AirSense 10's leak detection algorithm, which continuously measures the difference between motor output and the expected mask vent flow rate. The AirSense 10 AutoSet models attempt to compensate for leaks automatically before logging an error, so Error 21 only appears when the leak is both large and sustained beyond the auto-compensation window. The most common cause in practice is a nasal mask user who opens their mouth during sleep - mouth breathing with a nasal or nasal pillow mask creates a leak path that the device cannot compensate for and will not correct regardless of pressure. A full-face mask or chin strap resolves this immediately. Worn cushion seals and incorrect mask sizing are the next most frequent causes. Hardware sensor faults causing Error 21 are rare and only considered after all mask-side causes have been ruled out.

ResmedCpapSeverity: medium85% DIY Success
Time to Fix
5–30 min
Difficulty
beginner
Parts Cost
$0 – $0
Tools Needed
CPAP mask cleaning wipes, Mild soap and warm water

What Does the 21 Code Mean?

Error 21 means the device detected a large, sustained mask leak above 24 L/min. Fix the mask seal before suspecting hardware.

Most Likely Causes

Based on aggregated repair data, here is the probability breakdown for this error code:

Mouth breathing with a nasal or nasal pillow mask40%
Worn or compressed mask cushion losing seal24%
Headgear straps stretched and too loose14%
Mask not fully assembled after cleaning12%
Incorrect mask size (too large or too small for face)10%

Symptoms You May Notice

  • Error 21 logged at end of therapy session
  • Waking up with dry eyes (mask air blowing toward eyes)
  • Audible hissing sound from mask edges during therapy
  • Therapy appears to run but AHI not controlled
  • Device increasing pressure continuously without stabilizing

Can you reset a Resmed cpap to clear the 21 code?

AirSense 10: hold the home button for 5 seconds, navigate to Settings > Device > Reset Device. AirSense 11: Settings > My Options > Device Options > Reset. Resetting alone will not fix Error 21 if the underlying mask seal problem is not addressed.

Tools Required for Diagnosis

CPAP mask cleaning wipesMild soap and warm water

Diagnostic Checklist

Follow these steps in order. We start with the easiest external fixes before opening up the machine.

1

Put on the mask while sitting upright

Put on the mask while sitting upright, start a therapy session, and perform a mask fit check. Press the Start/Stop button to begin airflow without the hose connected to a pillow. Observe the leak indicator on the screen. Adjust headgear until the seal indicator shows green or acceptable range.

2

Remove and inspect the mask cushion

3

Check both ends of the CPAP hose

4

If you use a nasal mask or nasal pillow mask: consider whether

Replacement Parts

If your diagnostic testing proves the component has failed, you will need a replacement. We recommend OEM parts over aftermarket for water-handling components.

Part Name
Replacement mask cushion for your specific ResMed mask modelN/A · $0–$0
Replacement headgear strapsN/A · $0–$0
CPAP chin strap (if mouth breathing is a factor)N/A · $0–$0

Repair vs. Replace Calculator

Appliance Age (Years)7 Yrs
Labor Approach
Our Verdict
REPLACE
Estimated Cost: $0 (Parts) vs $133 (New Machine)

Frequently Asked Questions

What leak rate is too high for a ResMed CPAP?
ResMed defines a large leak as total airflow exceeding 24 L/min above the mask's intentional vent flow rate on the AirSense 10. Each mask model has a specific vent flow at each pressure level. The device automatically subtracts the expected vent flow - if the residual leak exceeds 24 L/min, it is flagged as large. You can review your leak data nightly in the ResMed myAir app.
Does Error 21 mean I need a new mask?
Not necessarily. Error 21 most commonly means a worn cushion on your existing mask - a cushion replacement (typically $15-40 through your DME) resolves it. If you have been fitted in the same mask model for years and your face or weight has changed significantly, a mask refitting appointment with your DME provider may identify a better mask size or style.
Can I use tape to fix a mask leak causing Error 21?
No. Do not use tape, adhesive, or sealants on CPAP masks. The mask's seal relies on the cushion conforming dynamically to your face as you move during sleep - any rigid adhesive will break the seal in a different location. The correct fix is replacing the worn cushion or adjusting the fit.

Related Resmed Cpap Error Codes

Models Known to Experience 21 Errors

This repair applies to most Resmed cpaps with this error code. Common model numbers include:

AirSense 10 AutoSet, AirSense 10 CPAP, AirSense 10 Elite, AirSense 10 For Her, AirSense 11 AutoSet

Last verified for technical accuracy on March 15, 2026